J. D. Salinger and The Catcher in the Rye Background. First of all we should account for the techniques or the main pont of an analyse such as translation dificulties and lexical peculiarities that are used during the Modern Age for pointing out the most esential meaning of the writings that were written during the period. During a great period of searching it was identified three types of translation difficulty: In his article `On Linguistic Aspects of Translation', Jacobson distinguished three types of translation: But Dagut's distinction between `translation' and `reproduction', like Catford's distinction between `literal' and `free' translation does not take into account the view that sees translation as semiotic change. Moreover, the characters created by Salinger used to have some obstacles to fins their own happiness; but, suddenly, it appears the religion as a solution, as a way of liberation: it supposes the end of the suffering for each character. Holden, traumatized and aware of the fragility of the life by his brother Allies death, Holden is terrified by the idea of change and disappearances. Those grammatical transformations maybe divided into following types: Substitution is one of the grammatical relations among the parts of the sentences. The hat is eccentric and displays Holdens desires to be diverse from everyone else around him, yet at the same time Holden is very self-conscious about the red hunting hat. . The same types of words and phrases are used in presenting explanations and arguments. Furthermore, it should be point out major differences in the translation of Salingers use of colloquial and taboo language in the English and Romanian versions, the Romanian version was the farthest because of its abundant use of euphemisms and euphemistic formulations throughout the book. The psychological battles of the novel's main character, Holden Caulfield, serve as the basis for critical argument. It is a memorable moment, because Holden clearly lacks such willingness in other aspects of his life. Read more about relationships, intimacy, and sexuality as a motif. . (J. D. Salinger: 7). Ian Hamilton adheres to this view, arguing that while Salinger's early stories for the "slicks" boasted "tight, energetic" dialogue, they had also been formulaic and sentimental. Id just be the catcher in the rye and all(Salinger 98). So this book supposed a big phenomenon of sales during Fifties and Sixties; but today, in the XXI century, catch more supporters and it is still editing, there are a lot of editions in different languages. Salinger had a very big number of important influences as Kafka, Flaubert, Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Proust, Keats, Lorca, Rimbaud, Burns, Jane Austen or Coleridge. This shift is central to Modernism. The purpose of metaphor is to liven up the text, make it more colorful, dramatic and witty - that is, metaphor carries out an emotive function. Holden decides to write about his dead brother's baseball glove because he is deeply depressed about his death and has not come to terms with his grief over the loss of his brother. A lot of literary critics saw in this novel an advance of the crazies Sixties, with rebel and revolutionary young people who didnt understand the fabulous society that adults had build. Written translation as well as oral one presents itself a complex and manifold process. In 1951 Salinger released his novel, The Catcher in the Rye, an immediate popular success. Holden's deep unresolved sadness over the loss of his brother, a person he tells us was better than him, who should not have died at such as young age, indicates that he feels a sense of guilt over being alive. Therefore omission and supplementation are frequently combined with other types of grammatical transformations and more frequently with substitution of parts of speech. Did you know you can highlight text to take a note? It doesnt include every instance when the hearer or reader has to supply missing information, but only those cases where grammatical structure itself points to an item or items that can fill the slot in question. The theme of the painfulness of growing up is very important in the book. Stradlater spends a lot of time at the gym and in front of the mirror, working on his appearance. . Yes, Holden agrees with Stradlater to write composition for him because he decided to make a deal with the society. Intralinguistic transfer can also be illustrated by stylistic differentiation. He resents society as he does not seem to be part of it, and looks for sense of real place for him, where he could focus more on his phoniness. The scientists identify the next types of translation difficulties and these types are: The first step towards an examination of the process of translation must be to accept that although translation has a central core of linguistic activity, it belongs most properly to semiotics, the science that studies sign systems or structures, sign processes and sign functions (Hawkes, Structuralism and Semiotics, London, 1977). The second point that would be investigated in this work is the translation difficulties which are presented through various types that would be in details discuss in this reseach paper. Holdens jargon is very important, because it emphasizes how this teenager was, how he talked We can see that Salinger has the tendency to use the second person pronoun you and the irony Its easy to see Holdens thoughts: the author reproduces the teenagers mind quite well. Pinned, Holden continues to insult Stradlater, accusing him of thinking he can have sex with anyone he wants. . Most often is the correspondence of first lexical-semantic variants of such words their primary meaning then we have various lexical-semantic variants for the course of development of these words was of different nature. With our Essay Lab, you can create a customized outline within seconds to get started on your essay right away. A word is judged to be polysemous if it has two senses of the word whose meanings are related. assignments. He goes to Mr. Antolini's because he feels he can trust and confide in himit seems to be his final chance to save himself. Order custom essay The Importance of Stradlaters Composition in the Catcher in the Rye I'll bet I woke up every bastard on the whole floor. Modernists shared a common purpose. Holden hates it when people like Stradlater try to pretend the only reason they're bad at English essays is commas, when really they're just not good at, you know, English. Phoniness, for Holden, stands as an emblem of everything that's wrong in the world around him and provides an excuse for him to withdraw into his cynical isolation. The Catcher in the Rye is a work written by J. D. Salinger that from different points of view combine some types of translation difficulties. The Romanian version of the Salingers The Catcher in the Rye is based the interpretation. Another interjection that was used by the writer is Hell, no! (J. D. Salinger:45)that was used in order to point out to the reader Holdens surprise and for showing that Holden was a boy that used in his vocabulary not well words for a boy who was a junior in the school. how my parents were occupied and all []. Modernism was distinguished by an emancipator met narrative. Little things, such as his interest with the ducks in central park and the glass cases in the museum were not just put in to the story to fill pages, it has meaning behind it. Also read the answer onwhat does mark twain satirize in this excerpt from "the 1,000,000 bank-note"? The fame of Salinger grew very much at Eighties, when it appeared a lot of articles and comments about The Catcher in the Rye: one critic said that this novel was satanic. Equally surprising is Holdens willingness to go to the movies after his diatribes against their superficiality. Holden nevertheless does shoot people in his own way: when he is in this cynical frame of mind, he expends all of his mental energy denigrating the people around him. Already a member? It may have various kinds of lexical meanings (lexical-semantic) variants; it may widen or narrow its meaning and make it more abstract and concrete. In much the same way arguments and explanations may be confused with each other, so too may explanations and justifications. The more Holden focuses on his dead brother, the more alone he feels. The mitt is representative of a "loss of innocence". Of course, Holden himself is guilty of both these crimes. The symbols I have chosen display Holden Caufields emotions, actions, and way of life. Latest answer posted March 19, 2020 at 11:46:52 PM. Selling the typewriter also allows Holden to establish that he is "loaded" with money because of his grandmother's generosity and can afford to spend several days and nights in Manhattan. CompletelyFlammable 2 yr. ago. But lying to others is also a kind of phoniness, a type of deception that indicates insensitivity, callousness, or even cruelty. Does Holden have sex with Sunny, the prostitute? Because people are unpredictable, they challenge Holden and force him to question his senses of self-confidence and self-worth. But if you get on the other side, where there aren't any hot-shots, then what's a game about it? It first appears in Chapter 16, when a kid Holden admires for walking in the street rather than on the sidewalk is singing the Robert Burns song Comin' Thro' the Rye. In Chapter 22, when Phoebe asks Holden what he wants to do with his life, he replies with his image, from the song, of a catcher in the rye. Holden imagines a field of rye perched high on a cliff, full of children romping and playing. Holden clearly still feels Allies loss strongly. One of the main problem or difficulty in translation- is the use of bilingual dictionaries. If originally published today, the novel would probably create little publicity and garner only average book sales. Rev. Holden likes his writing and talks about how he likes his writing and he supports him. The second problem consists in the identification of phraseologisms under a given entry: "to be between hammer and anvil" can be found under the words "between", or "anvil", or "hammer", or "be", but certainly if it is present under one entry it is absent in all the other entries, otherwise the dictionary would be too redundant. Distinguishing between various meanings of a word of general vocabulary. of The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Yet, while his behavior indicates his loneliness, Holden consistently shies away from introspection and thus doesn't really know why he keeps behaving as he does. Difference in the semantic structure of a word represents one of the main reason causing lexical difficulties in translation. This quotation is from Holden's conversation with Spencer in Chapter 2. It reveals potential expressiveness put in the lexical morphologic and syntactic means of a language. Holden's loneliness, a more concrete manifestation of his alienation problem, is a driving force throughout the book. This brief passage occurs in Chapter 3, after Holden has returned to his dorm room and is being pestered by Ackley. As he demonstrates at the Museum of Natural History, Holden likes the world to be silent and frozen, predictable and unchanging. ( http://www.script.com:p.15) from this example is well seen that the author used one of the meanings of the word kid. As he says to Mr. Spencer, he feels trapped on the other side of life, and he continually attempts to find his way in a world in which he feels he doesn't belong. The glove was covered with poems which Allie had written on it so he could read them when he became bored in the outfield. Holden is upset with the show more content Holden writes an essay for his friend Stradlater for school .Holden writes a composition about Allies glove and the writings on Allie's mitt . Ever since its publication in 1951, J.D. And it is quite natural that this matter covers a wide range of examples. Hes going to drive me home when I go home next month maybe. Their meaning cannot be deduced from their components or any arrangement thereof, and must be learned as a whole. Sapir's thesis, endorsed later by Whorf, is related to the more recent view advanced by the Soviet semiotician; Lotman that language is a modelling system. The last type of characters speech is represented speech which also could be called inner speech and that was used in order to described Holdens thoughts and the way in which he thought also this type was used by the author in order to convey to the reader Holdens feelings. According to Lotfipour-Saedi, the texture of a text can be characterized by textual features of: Cohesive relations may be grammatical or lexical. There are two major types of epithets which are; From the point of view of their compositional structure epithets may be divided into: There are another two important types of epithets used in Salingers novel: Inverted epithetis a word syntactically functioning as a headword, but semantically serving as a modifier to a dependent noun. Nobodyd be different. Stradlater didn't like it, he was annoyed because he was supposed to write about a room Why did Stradlater punch Holden? As it turns out, Ackley and Brossard have already seen the film, so the trio simply eats some burgers, plays a little pinball, and heads back to Pencey. The first chapter deals with J. D. Salingers place in world literature, the most important influences on his writing style, the cultural and historical background behind his literary works and how they influenced and were reflected in his literary creations. In fact his main goal is to resist maturing. Here will be discussed the impact Salinger had, and still has, on writers worldwide. Some topics of The Catcher in the Rye were taboos (like drugs, sex or prostitution). But the impossibility of such a fantasy is the tragedy of Holden's situation: rather than face the challenges around him, he retreats to a fantasy world of his own making. From the investigated material it can be concluded that: Researching this paper is established that: J. D. Salinger is one of the main representatives of the Modern literature which is experimented with a wide variety of new approaches and techniques, producing a remarkably diverse body of literature. The Romanian version faithfully and accurately kept and rendered Salingers use of intonational stress and italicized words, which represents an important case of gain. Why is Holden obsessed with the ducks at the Central Park Lagoon? http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/catcher/facts.html; http://www.scribd.com/doc/9711270/the-Catcher-in-the-Rye-1945-De-Veghe-in-Lanul-de-Secara-Jdsalinger. Since there is never a good coincidence of meaning between phraseologisms, there is a very high risk of finding others that have different metaphors, a different meaning, and are not at all fit for specific cases. When developing a comprehensive opinion of the novel, it is important to consider the praises and criticisms ofThe Catcher in the Rye.Many critics consider J.D. By continuing well assume youre on board with our In the book there are many cases of Holden Caulfield trying to resist growing. To this I can also add the already discussed idea that even native speakers can get more meanings from a ST and its translation than by simply reading the ST in original. Its possible that Salinger has a very negative view of the world; the author thinks that the research of happiness is based on 3 important elements: religion, loneliness and symbolism. Killing time before his date with Sally, Holden decides to walk from Central Park to the Museum of Natural History. Discount, Discount Code . "When Holden writes composition for Stradlater in "The Catcher in the Rye, does that represent isolation? Using our knowledge of collocational patterns may not always tell us what an idiom means but it could easily help us in many cases to recognize an idiom, particularly one which has a literal as well as a non-literal meaning. Holden himself realizes this to a degree when he acknowledges that his idea is crazy, yet he cannot come up with anything more pragmatic; he has trouble seeing the world in any other way. London 1995. Our summaries and analyses are written by experts, and your questions are answered by real teachers. What is a catcher in the rye and why does Holden want to be one? Holden tears the composition up and throws it away angrily. Holden tears the composition up and throws it away angrily. The interaction of different types of lexical meaning: J. D. Salingers The Cather in the Ray is full of stylistic device that made authors style more clear and sometimes more interesting. We also see how alienated he feels. The hat represents distance from society and insecurity. Salinger. Who is Holden talking to? The example for this wrd with its meanings could be like I left the goddam foils andstuff on the subway (J. D. Salinger: p.170 in English and Am uitat blestmatele aleade florete ?i tot echipamentul in metrou. and throughthis example ispinted out that the author used not only the main meaning of the word. Statements which are justifications of some action take the form of arguments. In 1951 Salinger released his novel, The Catcher in the Rye, an immediate popular success. J. D. Salinger: [USA] The Catcher in the Rye, L, Penguin, 1958. So it is the central. Enjoy eNotes ad-free and cancel anytime. In the book, Holden explains the symbol meaning of the museums displays. The lexical translation consists in expliciting through other words the denotative meaning of the phraseologism, giving up all the other style and connotation aspects. From these two parts in different languages could be resulted that were used different types of translation difficulties in order to give the smallest basic elements that couldnt be seen without analyzing these two parts and taking into account the main element that mast be discussed translation difficulties. creating and saving your own notes as you read. It was started by trying to define the concept of translation based on significant theoreticians points of view but it had not been an easy task. Idiom more than any other feature of language demands that the translator be not only accurate but highly sensitive to the rhetorical nuances of the language. The types of the lexical peculiarities and their meanig would be pointed out in the context of this reserch paper. Up home we wear a hat like that to shoot deer in, for Chrissake, he said. Contemporary critics discuss a clear progression over the course of Salinger's published work, as evidenced by the increasingly negative reviews received by each of his three post-Catcher story collections. This can be done on diachronic level: Chaucers text is translated into modern English. In the book The Catcher in the Rye, in chapter 20, why does Holden do his "bullet in the guts" number again? In Modernism the object is; the language doesn't mean it is. Holden also hates the fact that Ackley comes into his room and picks up things that belong to him and his roommate, Ward Stradlater. Most of the novel describes his almost manic quest for companionship as he flits from one meaningless encounter to another. Intralinguistic translation, or rewording means interpreting verbal signs through other signs of the same language. "Rather than writing a description of a room or a house, Holden writes a description of his younger brother Allies baseball glove. Phraseologisms or expressions that would aspire at becoming so are formed in huge quantities, but do not always succeed. There are different types of translation difficulties. From History to Procedures, Zainurrahman 2009; Breit, Harvey. The red hunting hat is one of the most recognizable symbols from twentieth-century American literature. Salinger probably wanted to establish a temporal perspective and not risk having the reader assume that Holden was writing something like a diary or journal. Life is a game, boy. Holden never comments on the hats significance other than to mention its unusual appearance. Modernist literature can be viewed largely in terms of its formal, stylistic and semantic movement away from Romanticism. Volume 17, The World book Encyclopedia, World Book Inc a Scott Fetzer Company Chicago London Sydney Toronto 1997; http://www.digischool.nl/ckv1/literatuur/salinger/salinger1.htm. "Anyway, that's what I wrote Stradlater's composition about. I personally thought the red hunting hat, The Museum of Natural History, and The Ducks in the Central Park Lagoon were the most significant and came up regularly in the novel. He had lost his athletic scholarship and could not afford tuition. In this graduation paper there are given such methods of investigation: The goal of this paper is to discover the lexical peculiarities and difficulties in translation from English into Romanian. Anything descriptive. False friends could be called inter-language synonyms, homonyms and paronyms. In this case, a translator who is not familiar with the idiom in question may easily accept the literal interpretation and miss the play on idiom. I mean not wait till Wednesday or anything. Collocations is the way in which particular ors tend to occur or belong together. The first chapter of this study shall define the notion of Translation difficulties and present the representatives of the Modern period and some critics about one of the representative of this period which is J. In this chapter also would be tried to present and analyze certain passages from the Romanian versions of The Catcher in order to draw attention to certain problems that may occur in translation, especially when different cultures are involved. There are different types of lexical difficulties in translation and the main of them are: A polysemy is a word or phrase with multiple, related meanings. Hes trying to get across that Holden hates conflict, hes confused by Allies senseless death, and he fears interaction with other people. Transposition is required when the English sentence contains a large group of nouns with indefinite article and then it is natural that they, being the center of informative message are placed at the end of the sentence. Explanations are often used within arguments and presented so as to serveas arguments. The Romanian version tends to add words or phrases to the TT. Throughout the novel, it becomes increasingly clear that Allies death was one of the most traumatic experiences of Holdens life and may play a major role in his current psychological breakdown. . The stylistic device that was used by the author in the work is the following hyperbole Hes going to drive me home when I go home next month maybe. The consequent need for a unifying function brought about a growth in the political importance of culture. It has also expressed my belief that a literary translation should not compete with the original, its main task being that of recreating the same atmosphere and the same effect of the ST on the TT readers and to make the readers understand the original text no matter if they speak or do not speak the SL since it is said that a translation can even make native speakers of a language better understand a SL text. Holden realizes that society has become bad, and wants no part in this terrible life. What is the setting for The Catcher in the Rye? Theyre quite touchy about anything like that, especially my father. Another important type of translation difficulty that was used by the author in his writing The Catcher in the Rye is abbreviation that is a kind of shortening of the words through cutting one of the part of the word and using the apostroph for joining two words, that is the type which create a lot of problem in the prosses of translation.. Therse exemples of translation difficulties used by the author in his vovel The Catcher in the Ray shows to the reader that the writer tried to combine in his work different features of the period in which he activated that is Modernism and some important features of the previous period which is Realism. Yet the novel is not without its sharp advocates, who argue that it is a critical look at the problems facing American youth during the 1950's. He uses letters and phone calls and he connect different ideas, like innocence and adolescence with the Hollywoods corruption. In the end of researching this paper was established two interesting facts, the first is : The Catcher in the Rye can be strongly considered as one of the greatest novels of all time and Holden Caulfield distinguishes himself as one of the greatest and most diverse characters., The second is: Written translation as well as oral one presents itself a complex and manifold process.
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